\u6c14\u51dd\u80f6\u662f\u4e00\u7c7b\u517c\u5177\u91cd\u8981\u79d1\u5b66\u7814\u7a76\u610f\u4e49\u548c\u5de8\u5927\u5de5\u7a0b\u5316\u5e94\u7528\u4ef7\u503c\u7684\u7eb3\u7c73\u591a\u5b54\u6750\u6599, \u5176\u5236\u5907\u8fc7\u7a0b\u6d89\u53ca\u6eb6\u80f6-\u51dd\u80f6\u5316\u5b66 \u8f6c\u53d8\u3001\u7ed3\u6784\u8c03\u63a7\u3001\u754c\u9762\u5f20\u529b\u6d88\u9664\u7b49\u57fa\u7840\u79d1\u5b66\u95ee\u9898, \u5728\u7406\u5316\u6027\u80fd\u65b9\u9762\u540c\u65f6\u5177\u6709\u8d85\u4f4e\u5bc6\u5ea6\u548c\u8d85\u4f4e\u70ed\u5bfc\u7387\u7279\u6027, \u662f\u4e00\u7c7b\u7406\u60f3 \u7684\u8f7b\u91cf\u5316\u8d85\u7ea7\u9694\u70ed\u4fdd\u6e29\u6750\u6599, \u5728\u822a\u7a7a\u822a\u5929\u3001\u4ea4\u901a\u8fd0\u8f93\u7b49\u5bf9\u91cd\u91cf\u8981\u6c42\u4e25\u82db\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u9886\u57df\u6781\u5177\u5438\u5f15\u529b\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n \u827e\u90a6\u5efa\u6709\u6c14\u51dd\u80f6\u4ea7\u4e1a\u5fae\u4fe1\u7fa4\uff0c\u6b22\u8fce\u5927\u5bb6\u52a0\u5165\u8fdb\u884c\u4ea4\u6d41\uff1a \u8bc6\u522b\u4e8c\u7ef4\u7801\u5173\u6ce8\u516c\u4f17\u53f7\u7533\u8bf7\u52a0\u5165\u6c14\u51dd\u80f6\u5fae\u4fe1\u7fa4<\/span><\/p>\n 1 \u6c14\u51dd\u80f6\u7ef4\u5ea6\u7ed3\u6784\u8bbe\u8ba1<\/strong><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n \u968f\u7740\u6c14\u51dd\u80f6\u5236\u5907\u6280\u672f\u7684\u8fed\u4ee3\u53d1\u5c55, \u6c14\u51dd\u80f6\u7684\u7ef4\u5ea6\u7ed3\u6784\u8bbe\u8ba1\u9010\u6e10\u5438\u5f15\u4e86\u7814\u7a76\u4eba\u5458\u7684\u5174\u8da3, \u5982\u6c14\u51dd\u80f6\u5fae\u7c89\u3001\u6c14\u51dd\u80f6\u8584\u819c\u3001\u6c14\u51dd\u80f6\u7ea4\u7ef4\u30013D\u6253\u5370\u6c14\u51dd\u80f6\u7b49\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u65b0\u5de5\u4f5c\u7684\u5f00\u5c55\u4e00\u5b9a\u7a0b\u5ea6\u4e0a\u514b\u670d\u4e86\u4f20\u7edf\u6c14\u51dd\u80f6\u7684\u7f3a\u9677, \u5c55\u793a\u51fa\u7ef4\u5ea6\u8d4b\u4e88\u7684\u72ec\u7279\u6027\u80fd\u548c\u5e94\u7528\u6f5c\u529b, \u662f\u5316\u5b66\u8c03\u63a7\u4e4b\u5916\u53e6\u4e00\u79cd\u5b9e\u73b0\u6c14\u51dd\u80f6\u6027\u80fd\u4f18\u5316\u548c\u8c03\u63a7\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002<\/p>\n 1.1 0\u7ef4\u6c14\u51dd\u80f6\u5fae\u7403<\/strong><\/p>\n \u4f20\u7edf\u6c14\u51dd\u80f6\u5927\u591a\u5448\u73b0\u5757\u72b6, \u9488\u5bf9\u7279\u6b8a\u9886\u57df\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u9700\u6c42, \u79d1\u7814\u4eba\u5458\u6210\u529f\u5236\u5907\u51fa0\u7ef4\u6c14\u51dd\u80f6\u5fae\u7403, \u4e0d\u4f46\u517c\u5907\u4f20\u7edf\u6c14\u51dd\u80f6\u4e09\u7ef4\u7f51\u72b6\u62d3\u6251\u7ed3\u6784\u548c\u5fae\u7403\u7684\u4f18\u5f02\u6027\u80fd, \u4e5f\u56e0\u5176\u5fae\u7eb3\u7c73\u7ea7\u7684\u5c3a\u5bf8\u5728\u5feb\u901f\u5438\u9644\u3001\u836f\u7269\u63a7\u91ca\u3001\u529f\u80fd\u5316\u586b\u5145\u7b49\u9886\u57df\u5c55\u73b0\u51fa\u5de8\u5927\u5e94\u7528\u6f5c\u529b.\u4f8b\u5982\u6c14\u51dd\u80f6\u5fae\u7403\u5177\u6709\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4f18\u5f02\u5438\u9644\u6750\u6599\u7684\u4e24\u5927\u5fc5\u8981\u7279\u5f81, \u5373\u9ad8\u6bd4\u8868\u9762\u79ef\u4e0e\u591a\u6d3b\u6027\u4f4d\u70b9, \u80fd\u5728\u76ee\u6807\u5438\u9644\u7269\u4e2d(\u5982\u6d77\u6c34\u4e2d\u7684\u6cb9, \u5e9f\u6c34\u4e2d\u7684\u91cd\u91d1\u5c5e\u79bb\u5b50\u3001\u6709\u673a\u67d3\u6599\u7b49)\u66f4\u5747\u5300\u5730\u5206\u6563\u3001\u66f4\u5feb\u66f4\u9ad8\u6548\u5730\u5438\u9644\u3002<\/p>\n \u6c14\u51dd\u80f6\u5fae\u7403\u7684 SEM \u7167\u7247<\/span><\/p>\n 1.2 1\u7ef4\u6c14\u51dd\u80f6\u7ea4\u7ef4<\/strong><\/p>\n \u9274\u4e8e\u4f20\u7edf\u5757\u4f53\u6c14\u51dd\u80f6\u9762\u4e34\u7684\u96be\u4ee5\u4e8c\u6b21\u52a0\u5de5\u7b49\u95ee\u9898, \u7ea4\u7ef4\u72b6\u7684\u6c14\u51dd\u80f6\u7531\u4e8e\u5176\u53ef\u7f16\u7ec7\u6027\u3001\u964d\u7ef4\u8d4b\u4e88\u7684\u67d4\u6027\u3001\u4ee5\u53ca\u5c0f\u5c3a\u5bf8\u8d4b\u4e88\u7684\u5feb\u901f\u6269\u6563\u7b49\u529f\u80fd, \u8fd1\u5e74\u6765\u6c14\u51dd\u80f6\u7ea4\u7ef4\u7684\u5236\u5907\u83b7\u5f97\u5e7f\u6cdb\u5173\u6ce8\u53ca\u5feb\u901f\u53d1\u5c55\u3002<\/p>\n 1.2.1 \u9ad8\u5206\u5b50\u57fa\u6c14\u51dd\u80f6\u7ea4\u7ef4<\/strong><\/p>\n \u5408\u6210Kevlar\u7ea4\u7ef4\u4f5c\u4e3a\u7eba\u7ec7\u4ea7\u4e1a\u7684\u70ed\u95e8\u6750\u6599, \u5177\u6709\u5bc6\u5ea6\u4f4e\u3001\u673a\u68b0\u6027\u80fd\u597d\u3001\u8010\u9ad8\u6e29\u4e14\u6613\u4e8e\u52a0\u5de5\u53ca\u6210\u578b\u7684\u4f18\u70b9\u3002\u7814\u7a76\u8868\u660e\u5bf9Kevlar\u5206\u6563\u6db2\u5b9e\u65bd\u6e7f\u6cd5\u7eba\u4e1d\u64cd\u4f5c, \u968f\u540e\u5728\u51b7\u51bb\u5e72\u71e5\u4e0e\u8d85\u4e34\u754c\u5e72\u71e5\u7684\u914d\u5408\u4f7f\u7528\u4e0b\u751f\u4ea7\u51fa\u53ef\u4ee5\u4efb\u610f\u52a0\u637b\u3001\u7f16\u7ec7\u7684\u51ef\u592b\u62c9\u6c14\u51dd\u80f6\u7ea4\u7ef4, \u9ad8\u5b54\u9699\u7387\u4f7f\u5f97\u8be5\u6c14\u51dd\u80f6\u7ea4\u7ef4\u80fd\u5728\u8f83\u957f\u65f6\u95f4\u5185\u5b9e\u73b0\u8f83\u597d\u7684\u9694\u70ed\u4fdd\u6e29\u6548\u679c. \u8fd9\u5bf9\u4fdd\u6e29\u9700\u6c42\u7684\u53ef\u7a7f\u6234\u8863\u7269\u5e26\u6765\u4e86\u65b0\u601d\u8def\u3002<\/p>\n \u51ef\u592b\u62c9\u6c14\u51dd\u80f6\u7ea4\u7ef4\u56fe<\/span><\/p>\n 1.2.2 \u5929\u7136\u7ea4\u7ef4\u7d20\u6c14\u51dd\u80f6\u7ea4\u7ef4<\/strong><\/p>\n \u9664\u4e86\u4e0a\u8ff0\u5408\u6210\u7ea4\u7ef4\u6c14\u51dd\u80f6\u7684\u7814\u53d1, \u5929\u7136\u7ea4\u7ef4(\u5982\u4ece\u8695\u8327\u4e2d\u5265\u79bb\u51fa\u7684\u8695\u4e1d\u7eb3\u7c73\u7ea4\u7ef4)\u56e0\u5176\u6765\u6e90\u7eff\u8272\u3001\u4e0d\u53ef\u518d\u751f\u8d44\u6e90\u4f9d\u8d56\u6027\u4f4e, \u4e5f\u6210\u4e3a\u8fd1\u6765\u70ed\u95e8\u7814\u7a76\u5bf9\u8c61. \u968f\u7740\u5168\u7403\u8d44\u6e90\u7684\u6d88\u8017\u67af\u7aed, \u6e05\u6d01\u4f4e\u8017\u578b\u5bb6\u5c45\u73af\u5883\u662f\u672a\u6765\u7684\u5927\u52bf\u6240\u8d8b\u3002\u7eba\u7ec7\u54c1\u672c\u8eab\u65e2\u80fd\u7ef4\u6301\u4e0e\u4eba\u4f53\u4e4b\u95f4\u5fae\u73af\u5883\u7684\u7a33\u5b9a\u70ed\u91cf\u5faa\u73af, \u53c8\u80fd\u4e0e\u7a7a\u95f4\u5916\u73af\u5883\u8fdb\u884c\u70ed\u4f5c\u7528\u662f\u503c\u5f97\u7814\u7a76\u4eba\u5458\u5173\u6ce8\u7684\u95ea\u5149\u70b9\u3002<\/p>\n 1.2.3 \u667a\u80fd\u76f8\u53d8\u6c14\u51dd\u80f6\u7ea4\u7ef4<\/strong><\/p>\n \u7814\u7a76\u8868\u660e\u5148\u901a\u8fc7\u6e7f\u6cd5\u7eba\u4e1d\u5de5\u827a, \u5c06\u6c27\u5316\u77f3\u58a8\u70ef\u6db2\u6676\u7eba\u5165\u7279\u5b9a\u51dd\u56fa\u6d74\u4e2d, \u7ecf\u5316\u5b66\u8fd8\u539f-\u8d85\u4e34\u754c\u5e72\u71e5\u7b49\u6280\u672f\u624b\u6bb5\u5236\u5907\u5f97\u5230\u5177\u6709\u89c4\u6574\u3001\u8fde\u7eed\u3001\u591a\u5b54\u7684\u77f3\u58a8\u70ef\u6c14\u51dd\u80f6\u7ea4\u7ef4\u3002\u5c06\u77f3\u58a8\u70ef\u6c14\u51dd\u80f6\u7ea4\u7ef4\u3001\u76f8\u53d8\u6750\u6599\u53ca\u8d85\u758f\u6c34\u6d82\u5c42\u5de7\u5999\u590d\u5408, \u5f97\u5230\u4e00\u79cd\u67d4\u6027\u3001\u81ea\u6e05\u6d01\u7684\u77f3\u58a8\u70ef\u6c14\u51dd\u80f6\u667a\u80fd\u76f8\u53d8\u7ea4\u7ef4, \u5b9e\u73b0\u4e86\u590d\u5408\u7ea4\u7ef4\u7684\u80fd\u6e90\u8f6c\u6362\u4e0e\u5b58\u50a8\u3001\u81ea\u6e05\u6d01\u3001\u667a\u80fd\u8c03\u6e29\u3001\u52a0\u70ed\u7b49\u591a\u91cd\u523a\u6fc0\u54cd\u5e94\u529f\u80fd\u7684\u7edf\u4e00\u3002\u5728\u65b0\u4e00\u4ee3\u667a\u80fd\u53ef\u7a7f\u6234\u7ec7\u7269\u53ca\u4fbf\u643a\u5f0f\u7535\u5b50\u5668\u4ef6\u9886\u57df\u5177\u6709\u5e7f\u9614\u5e94\u7528\u524d\u666f\u3002\u4e3a\u5b9e\u73b0\u667a\u80fd\u7ea4\u7ef4\u5728\u590d\u6742\u73af\u5883\u4e2d\u7684\u591a\u91cd\u523a\u6fc0\u54cd\u5e94\u5e94\u7528, \u4ee5\u53ca\u672a\u6765\u65b0\u578b\u591a\u529f\u80fd\u667a\u80fd\u53ef\u7a7f\u6234\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u53d1\u5c55\u521b\u9020\u66f4\u591a\u7684\u673a\u9047\u3002<\/p>\n 1.2.4 \u6c27\u5316\u7845\u6c14\u51dd\u80f6\u7ea4\u7ef4<\/strong><\/p>\n \u4e0e\u4f20\u7edf\u7edd\u70ed\u6750\u6599\u76f8\u6bd4, \u4f4e\u5bc6\u5ea6\u591a\u5b54\u6c27\u5316\u7845\u6c14\u51dd\u80f6\u5177\u6709\u6781\u4f4e\u7684\u5bfc\u70ed\u7387, \u5176\u9aa8\u67b6\u7531\u76f8\u4e92\u8fde\u63a5\u7684\u6c27\u5316\u7845\u7eb3\u7c73\u9897\u7c92\u7ec4\u6210\u3002\u7531\u4e8e\u7eb3\u7c73\u9897\u7c92\u95f4\u7684\u5f31\u754c\u9762\u76f8\u4e92\u4f5c\u7528, \u6c27\u5316\u7845\u6c14\u51dd\u80f6\u673a\u68b0\u5f3a\u5ea6\u4f4e\u3001\u67d4\u97e7\u6027\u5dee\u3002\u5408\u6210\u51fa\u9ad8\u5f3a\u67d4\u97e7\u7684\u6c27\u5316\u7845\u6c14\u51dd\u80f6\u6750\u6599\u975e\u5e38\u5fc5\u8981, \u5176\u4e2d\u6c27\u5316\u7845\u6c14\u51dd\u80f6\u7ea4\u7ef4\u5316\u662f\u6539\u5584\u6b64\u6027\u80fd\u7684\u6709\u6548\u9014\u5f84\u4e4b\u4e00\u3002<\/p>\n \u6c27\u5316\u7845\u6c14\u51dd\u80f6\u7ea4\u7ef4\u56fe<\/span><\/p>\n 1.3 2\u7ef4\u6c14\u51dd\u80f6\u8584\u819c<\/strong><\/p>\n \u4e3a\u6ee1\u8db3\u66f4\u591a\u573a\u666f\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u9700\u6c42, \u6c14\u51dd\u80f6\u5448\u73b0\u5f62\u5f0f\u4e5f\u6108\u53d1\u591a\u6837\u5316\u3002\u7814\u7a76\u8868\u660e\u5c06 Kevlar\u6eb6\u89e3\u5728\u4e8c\u7532\u57fa\u4e9a\u781c(dimethyl sulfoxide, \u7b80\u79f0 DMSO)\u7684\u6c22\u6c27\u5316\u94be\u9971\u548c\u6eb6\u6db2\u4e2d, \u83b7\u5f97\u9ad8\u5f3a\u5ea6\u7684\u82b3\u7eb6\u7eb3\u7c73\u7ea4\u7ef4(aramid nanofiber, \u7b80\u79f0 ANF), \u968f\u540e\u4e0e\u78b3\u7eb3\u7c73\u7ba1(carbon nanotube, \u7b80\u79f0 CNT)\u6df7\u5408\u5747\u5300, \u518d\u7ecf\u522e\u5200\u6d82\u5e03\u3001\u6eb6\u80f6-\u51dd\u80f6\u6cd5\u3001\u51b7\u51bb\u5e72\u71e5\u53ca\u758f\u6c34\u5316\u8fc7\u7a0b\u83b7\u5f97\u7535\u5b66\u4e0e\u529b\u5b66\u6027\u80fd\u663e\u8457\u7684ANF\/CNT\u6c14\u51dd\u80f6\u8584\u819c. CNT\u6750\u6599\u7684\u590d\u5408\u8d4b\u4e88\u4e86\u8be5\u6c14\u51dd\u80f6\u6770\u51fa\u7684\u7535\u78c1\u5c4f\u853d\u529f\u80fd, \u52a0\u4e0a\u6c14\u51dd\u80f6\u672c\u8eab\u5bc6\u5ea6\u4f4e\u3001\u8d28\u8f7b\u7684\u4f18\u70b9, \u5f25\u8865\u4e86\u5f53\u524d\u529f\u80fd\u6027\u5c4f\u853d\u6750\u6599\u96be\u4ee5\u5b9e\u73b0\u9ad8\u67d4\u6027\u4e0e\u8f7b\u91cf\u5316\u7684\u4e0d\u8db3\u3002<\/p>\n 1.4 3\u7ef4\u6c14\u51dd\u80f6\u5b8f\u89c2\u4f53\u6750(\u589e\u6750\u5236\u9020)<\/strong><\/p>\n \u968f\u77403D\u6253\u5370\u6280\u672f\u7684\u66f4\u65b0\u53d1\u5c55, \u7814\u7a76\u4eba\u5458\u4e5f\u5c06\u6b64\u6280\u672f\u5e94\u7528\u5230\u4e86\u6c14\u51dd\u80f6\u7684\u5236\u5907\u4e0a\u3002\u81ea\u6b64\u4ea7\u751f\u4e86\u5236\u59073\u7ef4\u6c14\u51dd\u80f6\u7684\u4e00\u7c7b\u65b0\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002\u8be5\u65b9\u6cd5\u6700\u5927\u7684\u4f18\u70b9\u5c31\u662f\u53ef\u4ee5\u6839\u636e\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u8bbe\u8ba1\u5236\u9020\u51fa\u7b26\u5408\u76ee\u6807\u6a21\u578b\u7684\u6c14\u51dd\u80f6, \u7a81\u7834\u4e86\u65f6\u95f4\u548c\u5b9e\u9a8c\u6761\u4ef6\u7684\u675f\u7f1a, \u4f46\u4e5f\u5b58\u5728\u58a8\u6c34\u7684\u63a7\u5236\u95ee\u9898\u3002Cheng\u7b49\u57283D\u6253\u5370\u9886\u57df\u53d6\u5f97\u4e86\u91cd\u8981\u8fdb\u5c55, \u901a\u8fc7\u6eb6\u89e3\u9ad8\u6027\u80fd\u7684Kevlar\u7ea4\u7ef4\u5236\u5907\u4e86\u5177\u6709\u5408\u9002\u6d41\u53d8\u6027\u80fd\u7684\u51ef\u592b\u62c9\u7eb3\u7c73\u7ea4\u7ef4\u58a8\u6c34, \u8fdb\u800c\u91c7\u7528\u9ad8\u7cbe\u5ea6\u3001\u4f4e\u80fd\u8017\u3001\u666e\u9002\u7684\u51b7\u51bb-\u76f4\u51993D\u6253\u5370\u65b9\u6cd5\u53ca\u8d85\u4e34\u754c\u5e72\u71e5\u6280\u672f, \u9996\u6b21\u5236\u5907\u51fa\u5177\u6709\u5206\u7ea7\u591a\u5b54\u7ed3\u6784\u76843D\u51ef\u592b\u62c9\u6c14\u51dd\u80f6\u8d85\u6750\u6599, \u5b9e\u73b0\u4e86\u8d85\u4f4e\u5bc6\u5ea6\u3001\u5927\u6bd4\u8868\u9762\u79ef\u3001\u9ad8\u673a\u68b0\u6027\u3001\u7ed3\u6784\u6574\u4f53\u6027\u7b49\u7279\u70b9\u7684\u7edf\u4e00\u3002\u4e3a\u8868\u9762\u6539\u6027\u3001\u5149\u81f4\u53d8\u8272\u53ca\u70ed\u54cd\u5e94\u6d4b\u8bd5\u7684\u540e\u7eed\u5b9e\u9a8c\u505a\u597d\u4e86\u539f\u6599\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u51c6\u5907\u3002<\/p>\n 2 \u65b0\u578b\u72ec\u7279\u5e94\u7528<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n \u968f\u7740\u6c14\u51dd\u80f6\u7684\u8fed\u4ee3\u53d1\u5c55, \u9010\u6e10\u51fa\u73b0\u8d8a\u6765\u8d8a\u591a\u72ec\u7279\u5e94\u7528, \u9002\u7528\u8303\u56f4\u5f97\u5230\u4e86\u6781\u5927\u6269\u5c55\u3002<\/p>\n 2.1 \u8d85\u758f\u6c34\u5316 <\/strong><\/p>\n \u754c\u9762\u758f\u6c34\u5316\u5728\u81ea\u6d01\u3001\u9632\u7c98\u3001\u9632\u8150\u8680\u3001\u51cf\u963b\u7b49\u65b9\u9762\u5177\u6709\u5de8\u5927\u7684\u6f5c\u5728\u5e94\u7528, \u7136\u800c\u4f20\u7edf\u7684\u758f\u6c34\u5316\u6539\u6027\u4ec5\u4ec5\u57fa\u4e8e\u73bb\u7483\u3001\u7ec7\u7269\u7b49\u6750\u6599\u8868\u9762, \u751f\u7269\u6d3b\u4f53\u8868\u9762\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u4ecd\u662f\u5de8\u5927\u7684\u6311\u6218\u3002<\/p>\n 2.2 \u9690\u8eab\u3001\u50a8\u80fd<\/strong><\/p>\n \u5728\u6c14\u51dd\u80f6\u5b54\u4e2d\u586b\u5145\u5177\u6709\u51fa\u8272\u7684\u50a8\u70ed\u80fd\u529b\u548c\u9ad8\u76f8\u53d8\u7113\u7684\u56fa\u4f53\u76f8\u53d8\u6750\u6599, \u53ef\u8fbe\u5230\u6750\u6599\u9690\u8eab\u548c\u50a8\u80fd\u6548\u679c\u3002<\/p>\n 2.3 \u81ea\u6f02\u6d6e<\/strong><\/p>\n \u7814\u7a76\u5e76\u5236\u5907\u51fa\u8f7b\u8d28\u758f\u6c34\u7684\u81ea\u6f02\u6d6e\u6c34\u51dd\u80f6\u3002\u5c06\u8d85\u758f\u6c34\u3001\u4f4e\u5bc6\u5ea6 \u6c27\u5316\u7845\u6c14\u51dd\u80f6\u5fae\u7c92\u4e0e\u5bfc\u7535\u805a\u5408\u7269\u4e2d\u7a7a\u7403\u4f5c\u4e3a\u529f\u80fd\u57fa\u56e2, \u4ee5\u805a\u4e59\u4e8c\u9187(polyvinyl alcohol, \u7b80\u79f0 PVA)\u4e3a\u6c34\u51dd\u80f6\u9aa8\u67b6, \u8bbe\u8ba1\u5408\u6210\u51fa\u7528\u4e8e\u53ef\u5feb\u901f\u4ea7\u751f\u592a\u9633\u80fd\u84b8\u6c7d\u7684\u81ea\u6d6e\u578b\u6742\u5316\u6c34\u51dd\u80f6\u3002<\/p>\n \u8d85\u758f\u6c34\u9690\u5f62\u624b\u5957<\/span><\/p>\n 2.4 \u6d77\u6c34\u6de1\u5316<\/strong><\/p>\n \u8fd1\u5e74\u6765, \u7814\u7a76\u8868\u660e\u901a\u8fc7\u8c03\u8282\u78b3\u6c14\u51dd\u80f6\u7684\u7eb3\u7c73\u7ed3\u6784, \u53ef\u4ee5\u6210\u529f\u83b7\u5f97\u6f2b\u53cd\u5c04\u7387\u4ec5\u4e3a0.19%\u7684\u8d85\u9ed1\u4f53\u6c14\u51dd\u80f6\u6750\u6599\u3002\u56e0\u5176\u5185\u90e8\u7ed3\u6784\u7684\u968f\u673a\u6027, \u53cd\u5c04\u7387\u4e0e\u89d2\u5ea6\u65e0\u5173, \u540c\u65f6\u8be5\u6c14\u51dd\u80f6\u4e2d\u5927\u591a\u6570\u5b54\u548c\u9aa8\u67b6\u7684\u5927\u5c0f(\u901a\u5e38\u5c0f\u4e8e 50 nm)\u5c0f\u4e8e\u53ef\u89c1\u5149\u7684\u6ce2\u957f\u3002<\/p>\n \u5229\u7528\u592a\u9633\u80fd\u84b8\u6c7d\u4ea7\u751f\u7cfb\u7edf, \u5148\u5c06\u5149\u80fd\u8f6c\u5316\u4e3a\u70ed\u80fd, \u7136\u540e\u5229\u7528\u70ed\u80fd\u52a0\u70ed\u6c34\u4f53, \u4ece\u800c\u8fbe\u5230\u6d77\u6c34\u6de1\u5316\u7684\u76ee\u7684\u3002\u6c14\u51dd\u80f6\u7528\u4e8e\u6d77\u6c34\u6de1\u5316\u7684\u53e6\u4e00\u91cd\u8981\u610f\u4e49\u5728\u4e8e\u5176\u70ed\u5bfc\u7387\u4f4e, \u6709\u5229\u4e8e\u70ed\u91cf\u96c6\u4e2d, \u51cf\u5c11\u6269\u6563, \u4e5f\u6709\u5229\u4e8e\u63d0\u9ad8\u84b8\u53d1\u6548\u7387\u3002<\/p>\n 2.5 \u8c03\u6e29\u5236\u51b7\u670d\u88c5<\/strong><\/p>\n \u4ee5\u8d85\u9ad8\u5206\u5b50\u91cf\u805a\u4e59\u70ef(ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene, \u7b80\u79f0 UHMWPE)\u4e3a\u539f\u6599, \u7ecf\u8fc7\u8d85\u4e34\u754cCO2\u8403\u53d6\u5341\u516d\u70f7\u6216\u90bb\u4e8c\u7532\u82ef(\u4f5c\u6eb6\u80c0\u5242, \u6eb6\u5242\u6e17\u900f\u5230\u805a\u5408\u7269\u57fa\u8d28\u4e2d)\u800c\u5236\u5907\u7684\u9ad8\u5b54\u9699\u7387\u6c14\u51dd\u80f6\u663e\u793a\u51fa\u9ad8\u963b\u5c3c\u6027, \u5176\u7a81\u51fa\u7279\u70b9\u4e3a\u5bfc\u70ed\u7387\u4f4e, \u53ef\u4ee5\u5e94\u7528\u4e8e\u822a\u5929\u822a\u7a7a\u9886\u57df\u6216\u6781\u4f4e\u6e29\u5ea6\u4e0b\u5de5\u4f5c\u7684\u7edd\u70ed\u5143\u4ef6\u3002<\/p>\n \u53e6\u5916\u901a\u8fc7\u5f15\u5165\u5316\u5b66\u4ea4\u8054\u952e, \u5b8c\u6210\u9ad8\u5ea6\u7ed3\u6676\u7684\u03b1,\u03c9-\u4e8c\u4e59\u70ef\u57fa\u805a\u4e59\u70ef\u548c\u805a\u6c22\u7845\u70f7\u7684\u7845\u6c22\u52a0\u6210\u53cd\u5e94, \u7ed3\u5408\u6eb6\u80f6\u51dd\u80f6\u6cd5\u6765\u5408\u6210\u805a\u4e59\u70ef(polyethylene, \u7b80\u79f0PE)\u6c14\u51dd\u80f6, \u5728\u4fdd\u6301\u9ad8\u4ea4\u8054\u5bc6\u5ea6\u7684\u540c\u65f6\u6700\u5927\u7a0b\u5ea6\u5730\u63d0\u9ad8\u4e86\u805a\u5408\u7269\u7684\u7ed3\u6676\u5ea6, \u53ef\u6539\u5584\u805a\u5408\u7269\u6c14\u51dd\u80f6\u7684\u673a\u68b0\u6027\u80fd\u3002\u5f97\u76ca\u4e8e\u9ad8\u7ed3\u6676\u5ea6\u3001\u7a84\u7194\u878d\u8f6c\u53d8\u548c\u81f4\u5bc6\u5171\u4ef7\u4ea4\u8054, PE\u6c14\u51dd\u80f6\u8868 \u73b0\u51fa\u663e\u8457\u7684\u5f62\u72b6\u8bb0\u5fc6\u6027\u80fd\u3002\u57fa\u4e8ePE\u6c14\u51dd\u80f6\u7684\u70ed\u4f5c\u7528\u673a\u7406, \u8be5\u6750\u6599\u53ef\u7528\u4e8e\u667a\u80fd\u670d\u88c5\u884c\u4e1a, \u7814\u53d1\u8c03\u6e29\u5236\u51b7\u670d\u88c5\u3002<\/p>\n PE \u6c14\u51dd\u80f6\u8c03\u6e29\u5236\u51b7\u539f\u7406<\/span><\/p>\n \u6765\u6e90\uff1a\u738b\u9759, \u738b\u9526. \u6c14\u51dd\u80f6\u7ef4\u5ea6\u7ed3\u6784\u8bbe\u8ba1\u4e0e\u529f\u80fd\u5316\u5e94\u7528\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u8fdb\u5c55[J]. \u5316\u5b66\u5b66\u62a5, 2021, 79(4): 430-442.<\/span><\/p>\n \u65b0\u80fd\u6e90\u7535\u6c60\u5b89\u5168\u7ba1\u7406\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6848\u547c\u4e4b\u6b32\u51fa\uff0c\u7279\u522b\u662f\uff0c\u5177\u6709\u9694\u70ed\u3001\u963b\u71c3\u7b49\u529f\u80fd\u7279\u70b9\u7684\u65b0\u6750\u6599\u53d7\u5230\u5e02\u573a\u9752\u7750\uff0c\u6c14\u51dd\u80f6\u9694\u70ed\u7247\u662f\u5176\u4e2d\u6700\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u65b0\u6750\u6599\u4e4b\u4e00\u3002\u6c14\u51dd\u80f6\u9694\u70ed\u7247\u4e3b\u8981\u7528\u4e8e\u7535\u6c60\u5305\u4e2d\u3001\u7535\u6c60\u5355\u4f53\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u9694\u70ed\u3001\u963b\u71c3\uff0c\u4e5f\u53ef\u7528\u4e8e\u8f66\u8eab\u7684\u9694\u70ed\u3001\u963b\u71c3\u3002\u6c14\u51dd\u80f6\u4f01\u4e1a\u4ea7\u4e1a\u94fe\u4ece\u6210\u80f6\uff0c\u5c01\u88c5\uff0c\u5230\u7535\u6c60\u5305\u3001\u7ba1\u9053\u7b49\u4e0b\u6e38\u5e94\u7528\uff0c\u4ece\u6750\u6599\u7684\u524d\u9a71\u4f53\u5230\u5404\u79cd\u7ea4\u7ef4\u5982\u9676\u74f7\u7ea4\u7ef4\uff0c\u73bb\u7483\u7ea4\u7ef4\uff0c\u6ce1\u68c9\u7b49\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u5c01\u88c5\u6750\u6599\u5982PET\u3001PI\u819c\uff0c\u70ed\u7194\u80f6\u3001\u7845\u80f6\u6846\u7b49\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u4e5f\u5305\u62ec\u5728\u751f\u4ea7\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u7684\u8bbe\u5907\uff0c\u5982\u8d85\u4e34\u754c\u8bbe\u5907\uff0c\u70ed\u538b\u673a\uff0c\u6a21\u5207\u8bbe\u5907\u3002\u6b22\u8fce\u76f8\u5173\u4ea7\u4e1a\u94fe\u4eba\u58eb\u52a0\u5165\u3002<\/p>\n \u8bc6\u522b\u4e8c\u7ef4\u7801\u5173\u6ce8\u516c\u4f17\u53f7\u7533\u8bf7\u52a0\u5165\u6c14\u51dd\u80f6\u5fae\u4fe1\u7fa4<\/span><\/p>\n \u6d3b\u52a8\u63a8\u8350\uff1a2023\u5e74\u65b0\u80fd\u6e90\u6c14\u51dd\u80f6\u4ea7\u4e1a\u94fe\u9ad8\u5cf0\u8bba\u575b<\/a><\/p>\n 5\u670824\u65e5 \u6df1\u5733<\/p>\n \u5e8f\u53f7<\/span><\/strong> \u8bae\u9898<\/span><\/strong> \u6f14\u8bb2\u5355\u4f4d<\/span><\/strong> 1 \u6c14\u51dd\u80f6\u7edd\u70ed\u6750\u6599\u4ea7\u4e1a\u53d1\u5c55\u4e0e\u7535\u6c60\u9694\u70ed\u5e94\u7528 \u6c5f\u82cf\u73c8\u4e91\u65b0\u6750 2 \u6c14\u51dd\u80f6\u9694\u70ed\u6750\u6599\u751f\u4ea7\u7528\u8d85\u4e34\u754c\u8403\u53d6\u6280\u672f\u6210\u5957\u8bbe\u5907\u53ca\u5176\u5728\u65b0\u80fd\u6e90\u9886\u57df\u5e94\u7528 \u8d35\u5dde\u822a\u5929\u4e4c\u6c5f 3 \u96f6VOC\u6325\u53d1\uff0c\u8010\u9ad8\u6e29\u963b\u71c3\u70ed\u7194\u819c\u5728\u590d\u5408\u73bb\u7ea4\u4e0e\u6c14\u51dd\u80f6\u884c\u4e1a\u5e94\u7528 \u82cf\u5dde\u60e0\u6d0b 4 \u4e59\u9187\u8d85\u4e34\u754c-\u73bb\u7ea4\u8868\u9762\u6be1\u6c14\u51dd\u80f6\u7247\u6750\u751f\u4ea7\u5de5\u827a\u5f00\u53d1\u8fdb\u5c55\u60c5\u51b5 \u6d77\u7eb3\u6676\u80fd 5 \u6c14\u51dd\u80f6\u771f\u7a7a\u70ed\u538b\u673a\u53ca\u81ea\u52a8\u5316\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6848 \u946b\u53f0\u94ed 6 \u9676\u74f7\u7ea4\u7ef4\u505a\u4e3a\u6c14\u51dd\u80f6\u57fa\u6750\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u6280\u672f \u62df\u9080\u4e2d 7 \u52a8\u529b\u7535\u6c60\u70ed\u7ba1\u7406\u7684\u8d8b\u52bf\u4ecb\u7ecd \u62df\u9080\u4e2d 8 \u6c14\u51dd\u80f6\u7edd\u70ed\u9632\u62a4\u6750\u6599\u5728\u52a8\u529b\u7535\u6c60\u9886\u57df\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u548c\u53d1\u5c55 \u62df\u9080\u4e2d 9 \u7279\u79cd\u7ea4\u7ef4\u6750\u6599\u5728\u6c14\u51dd\u80f6\u590d\u5408\u6750\u6599\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u8d8b\u52bf \u62df\u9080\u4e2d 10
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